TENSES

TENSES

1.      Simple Present Tense

      Formula :

     A.     Bentuk Nominal

I/You/We/They      +          To be (Am, Are)          +          Complement

She/He/It                +          To be                           +          Complement

     B.     Bentuk Verbal

He/She/It                +          Verb1              +          s/es      +          Object/Adverb

They/We/I/You      +          Verb1                                      +          Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Simple present tense to state the facts , habits , and events that happened at this present moment .

Example :

     1.     Mrs. Anna sometimes teaches English in the afternoon

     2.      The sun reses in the east and sets in the west

2.      Simple Past Tense

Formula :

      A.     Bentuk Nominal

      He/She/It/I                   + To Be (Was)             + Complement

We/They/You        + To Be (Were)           + Complement

     B.     Bentuk Verbal

I/You/We/They/He/She/It  + Verb 2          + Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Simple Past Tense used to show that the events or acts occurring or done in the past mentioned clearly when it happened .

Example :

     1.     She went to malang a week ago

     2.     They were not here yesterday

3.      Present Perfect Tense

Formula :

      A.     Bentuk Nominal :

He/She/It                + Ha     + Been + Complement

They/We/I/You                  + Have + Been + Complement

      B.     Bentuk Verbal

He/She/It                + Has   + Verb 3 + Object/Adverb

They/We/I/You      + Have + Verb 3 + Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Present perfect tense is used to declare an event or action that has just happened or do. For this purpose is often used adverb just .

Example :

     1.      She has just finished her homework

     2.     I have just called him

4.      Present Continuous Tense

Formula :

I                              +          am       +          Verb1-ing        +          Object/Adverb

He/She/It               +          is          +          Verb1-ing        +          Object/Adverb

We/They/You        +          are       +          Verb1-ing        +          Object/Adverb

Usage : 
Present continuous tense to discuss the ongoing action plan now or in the future .

Example :

     1.     My brother are watching television now

     2.     Mr. david is writing a novel

5.      Present Future Tense

Formula :

      A.     Bentuk Nominal

      

She/He/It/They/We/You + Will + Be + Complement

I/We           + Will/Shall + Be + Complement

     B.     Bentuk Verbal

She/He/It/They/We/You + Will + Verb 1 + Complement

I/We           + Will/Shall + Verb 1 + Complement

Usage : 

Present Future Tense is used to declare a " Habitual Future Action ", an event or perbuatab which usually occur or do in the days to come.

Example :

     1.     My auni will us again next month.

6.      Past Continuous Tense

Formula :

Bentuk Verbal :

      A.     POSITIVE

He/She/It/I             + Was  + Verb 1-ing    + Object/Adverb

They/We/You        + Were + Verb 1-ing    + Object/Adverb

      B.     NEGATIF

He/She/It/I             + Was not        + Verb 1-ing    + Object/Adverb

They/We/You        + Were not       + Verb 1-ing    + Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Past Continuous Tense used to express events - past events or actions that lasted for some time that the deadline is certainly not known or considered not important to find out. Thus the start and end of the event or action is uncertain .

Example :

     1)      They were discussing something for hours

     2)      My brother was sleeping soundly

7.      Future Continuous Tense

Formula :

Bentuk Verbal :

      A.     POSITIVE

She/He/It/They/We/You + Will + Be + Verb 1-ing + Object/Adverb

I/We           + Shall + Be + Verb 1-ing + Object/Adverb

      B.     NEGATIVE

She/He/It/They/We/You + Will not + Be + Verb 1-ing + Object/Adverb

I/We           + Shall not + Be + Verb 1-ing + Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Future Continuous Tense is used to declare an event that will take place or will occur in the future but it was not a planned thing

Example :

     1.     She will be happing Anna tomorrow

8.      Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

Bentuk verbal :

     A.     POSITIVE :

He/She/It                + Has   + Been + Verb 1-ing    + Object/Adverb

They/We/I/You      + Have + Been + Verb 1-ing    + Object/Adverb

      B.     NEGATIVE :

He/She/It                + Has not         + Been + Verb 1-ing    + Object/Adverb

They/We/I/You      + Have not       + Been + Verb 1-ing    + Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Present Continuous Perfect Tense is used to declare an event or action that started in the past and continues to this day .

Example :

     1.     We have been waiting for him for two hours

9.      Past Perfect Tense

Formula :

     A.     Bentuk Nominal

She/He/It/They/We/I/You  + Had   + Been + Complement

     B.     Bentuk Verbal

She/He/It/They/We/I/You  + Had   + Verb III + Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Past Perfect Tense used to indicate the act or event which started or occurred in the past and ongoing or completed in the past, the next , for this purpose is often used adverbs for , since , always .

Example :

     1)      My uncle had been in the army for twenty years in 1990

10.  Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

Bentuk Verbal :

      A.     POSITIVE

She/He/It/They/We/I/You  + Had               + been  + Verb 1-ing    + Object/Adverb

     B.     NEGATIVE

She/He/It/They/We/I/You  + Had not         + been  + Verb 1-ing    + Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Past Perfect Continuous Tense is used to declare an event or action that starts in the past and stop or continue until next past .

Example :

     1)      I have been waiting here for an hour when my friends finally appeared

11.  Present Future Perfect Tense

Formula :

      A.     Bentuk Nominal

•       POSITIVE

She/He/It/They/We/You + Will/Shall + have + Been + Complement

B.     Bentuk Verbal

•       POSITIVE

She/He/It/They/We/You + Will/Shall + have + Verb III + Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Present Future Perfect Tense used to express events or acts that would have occurred or would have been done in time to be dating .

Contoh :

     1.     We shall have got home by the dinner time

12.  Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

Bentuk Verbal :

      A.     POSITIVE

Subject + Will/Shall + Have + Been + Verb 1 +Object/Adverb

      B.     NEGATIVE

Subject + Will/Shall + not + Have + Been + Verb 1 +Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to declare an event that would have been taking place in a specific time in the future .

Example :

     1.     My uncle will have been working in that hotel for ten years by next years

13.  Past Future Tense

Formula :

     A.     Bentuk Nominal

•       POSITIVE

Subject +Should/Would + be + Complement

     B.     Bentuk Verbal

•       POSITIVE

Subject +Should/Would + Verb 1 + Complement

Usage : 

Past Future Tense is used to declare an event or action that will happen or done in the past , but it was not to be done for a specific reason .

Example :

     1.     We would come his house but it rained very hard that night

14.  Past Future Continuous Tense

Formula :

Bentuk Verbal :

      A.     POSITIVE

Subject + should/would + be + Verb 1-ing + Object/Adverb

      B.     NEGATIVE

Subject + should/would + not + Verb 1-ing + Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Past Future Continuous Tenseused as a form of Present Continuous Tense to declare an event or action that will be ongoing or will being done at a time when certain in the future

Example :

     1.     He would be reading the novel from seven to ten last night

15.  Past Future Perfect Tense

Formula :

     A.     Bentuk Nominal

Subject + Would/Should + Have + Been + Complement

     B.     Bentuk verbal

Subject + Would/Should + Have + Verb III + Complement

Usage : 

Past Future Perfect Tense is used to declare an event or act that would have occurred or would have been done a certain time in the past.

Example :

     1.     He would have built the house by july last year.

16.  Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

Bentuk Verbal

     A.     POSITIVE

Subject + Would/should + Have + been + Verb-ing + Object/Adverb

      B.     NEGATIVE

Subject + Would/should + not + Have + been + Verb-ing + Object/Adverb

Usage : 

Simple Future Tense is used to declare an event or act that would have been taking place in the future in the past.

Example :

     1.     My sister would have been working in that company for two years by the time I entered the university five years ago.